Jerusalem's unique position between different ecological zones supports various plant and animal life. The area is home to around 1,000 plant species and an array of bird species, making it a significant ecological habitat.
Jerusalem holds a central role in the spiritual landscape of the world's three major monotheistic religions, representing a historical tapestry of religious devotion. It is seen as a city of pilgrimage and profound religious significance. The Old City, a UNESCO World Heritage site since 1981, is notable for its absence of vehicular traffic, preserving its ancient character.